Metronidasool: Uses, Side Effects, Dosage, and Safety

Metronidasool is a medicine used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria and parasites. It is also known as metronidazole. Doctors use it for vaginal infections, dental infections, stomach infections, and some skin conditions.

People search for Metronidasool to learn what it treats, how to take it, and whether it is safe. This article explains its uses, dosage, side effects, and important safety information in simple words.

What Is Metronidasool?

Metronidasool is an antibiotic and antiparasitic medicine. It belongs to a group of medicines called nitroimidazoles.

It works against certain bacteria and parasites that cause infections. It is especially useful against bacteria that grow in places with little or no oxygen.

Metronidasool is the Estonian name for metronidazole. Both names refer to the same medicine.

The medicine is also sold under brand names such as Flagyl. Generic versions are available in many countries.

Metronidasool usually requires a doctor’s prescription. It should only be used when it is suitable for the infection.

How Does Metronidasool Work?

Metronidasool works by damaging the DNA of certain bacteria and parasites. DNA helps these organisms live and grow.

When the medicine enters these organisms, it becomes active and damages their DNA. This can kill them and help clear the infection.

It works especially well against certain bacteria that live in places with little oxygen. These are called anaerobic bacteria.

Metronidasool also treats some infections caused by tiny parasites.

However, it does not work against every type of bacteria. It also cannot treat viral infections such as colds or flu.

Doctors prescribe it when the infection is likely to respond to this medicine.

What Is Metronidasool Used For?

Metronidasool is used to treat several bacterial and parasitic infections. The treatment depends on the type and location of the infection.

Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) happens when the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina changes.

It may cause unusual discharge or an unpleasant smell. Doctors often treat it with metronidazole tablets or vaginal gel.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite.

Oral metronidazole is commonly used to treat it. Sexual partners also need treatment to help prevent the infection from returning.

Vaginal metronidazole gel is not recommended for treating trichomoniasis because it does not work well enough against this infection.

Stomach and Intestinal Infections

Metronidasool can treat certain infections caused by parasites in the digestive system.

These include giardiasis and amoebiasis. Amoebiasis can affect the intestines and sometimes the liver.

Doctors may also use metronidazole with other medicines to treat Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium linked to stomach ulcers.

However, it is not suitable for every type of stomach pain or diarrhea.

Dental and Gum Infections

Dentists sometimes prescribe metronidazole for gum infections and dental abscesses.

It helps treat certain bacteria that cause these infections. Sometimes another antibiotic is also needed.

Dental treatment, such as cleaning, drainage, or treating an infected tooth, may still be necessary.

Abdominal and Pelvic Infections

Metronidazole can treat certain infections inside the stomach area and pelvis.

Doctors may combine it with other antibiotics when different types of bacteria are involved.

It may also be used as part of treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease.

Skin Infections and Rosacea

Metronidazole is sometimes used for certain bacterial skin infections.

Its creams and gels are also used to treat rosacea. Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that can cause facial redness, bumps, and spots.

These products are applied directly to the skin.

Hospital Treatment and Surgery

Doctors may give metronidazole through a vein to treat certain serious infections.

It may also be used to help prevent infections during some types of surgery.

The treatment depends on the patient’s condition and the type of infection.

Available Forms of Metronidasool

Metronidasool comes in different forms. Each form has a specific use.

Tablets and oral liquid work inside the body. Creams and gels are mainly used on the affected area.

Vaginal products are made for specific vaginal infections. Injections are usually given by healthcare professionals.

These forms should not be used in place of one another without medical advice.

Always check the medicine’s name, strength, and instructions before using it.

Metronidasool Dosage and Treatment Duration

The correct Metronidasool dosage depends on the infection and the patient’s health.

Doctors consider the patient’s age, the type of infection, and the medicine’s form before deciding the dose.

Children may need a dose based on their weight. People with serious liver problems may need special care.

Some infections need treatment for a few days. Others may need longer treatment.

The amount of medicine can also be different for tablets, liquids, and other forms.

Always follow the dose written on your prescription.

Taking extra medicine will not make the infection go away faster. It may increase side effects.

Do not lower the dose or stop treatment without medical advice.

How to Take Metronidasool Correctly

Metronidasool should be taken exactly as prescribed. The instructions depend on the type of medicine you are using.

Taking Tablets and Oral Liquid

Some metronidazole tablets can be taken with food. Others may have different instructions.

Taking a suitable product with food may help reduce stomach upset.

Use a proper measuring spoon or oral syringe for liquid medicine. Do not use an ordinary kitchen spoon.

Swallow tablets as directed. Do not crush or split extended-release tablets unless the instructions allow it.

Using Skin Creams and Gels

Apply metronidazole cream or gel to clean, dry skin as directed.

Avoid getting it into your eyes.

Do not apply more than prescribed. Using extra cream or gel may irritate your skin.

Using Vaginal Preparations

Vaginal metronidazole products should be used according to the instructions.

Some products come with an applicator to help place the medicine correctly.

Follow the prescribed treatment schedule. Do not replace vaginal medicine with oral tablets without medical advice.

Completing Treatment

Follow the treatment plan given by your doctor, even if you start feeling better.

If you have problems with the medicine, speak with your doctor or pharmacist.

Do not share Metronidasool with another person or use leftover medicine for a new infection.

How Long Does Metronidasool Take to Work?

Metronidasool starts working after treatment begins, but symptoms may take time to improve.

Some people feel better within a few days. Others may need more time.

The recovery time depends on the infection and how serious it is.

For rosacea, creams and gels may take several weeks to show clear results.

Feeling better does not always mean the infection has completely cleared.

If symptoms become worse, do not improve, or return after treatment, contact a healthcare professional.

Common Side Effects of Metronidasool

Metronidasool can cause side effects, but not everyone experiences them.

Common side effects of oral metronidazole include:

• Nausea and vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Stomach pain or discomfort

• Loss of appetite

• Metallic taste in the mouth

• Headache

• Dry mouth

• Dizziness

Some people notice a metallic taste while taking the medicine. This is a known side effect and is usually not dangerous.

Metronidazole may also make urine look darker. This can be harmless, but unusual urine changes should be checked if other symptoms occur.

Skin creams and gels may cause redness, dryness, or irritation.

Vaginal products may sometimes cause mild discomfort.

Contact your doctor or pharmacist if side effects become severe or do not improve.

Serious Side Effects and Warning Signs

Metronidasool can sometimes cause serious side effects. These are uncommon, but they should not be ignored.

Important warning signs include:

• Allergic reactions: Swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or trouble breathing.

• Nerve problems: Numbness, burning, or tingling in the hands or feet.

• Seizures: Sudden fits or uncontrolled body movements.

• Confusion: Trouble thinking, speaking, or walking normally.

• Skin reactions: Severe rashes, blisters, or peeling skin.

• Liver problems: Yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, or unusual tiredness.

• Vision problems: Blurred vision or sudden changes in eyesight.

Rare problems affecting blood cells or the pancreas have also been reported.

Get emergency medical help if you have trouble breathing, severe swelling, seizures, or a serious skin reaction.

New nerve problems, confusion, or signs of liver damage also need prompt medical attention.

Metronidasool and Alcohol

Many metronidazole products carry warnings about drinking alcohol during treatment.

Some medicine labels warn that alcohol may cause nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, headache, facial redness, or a fast heartbeat.

However, medical research has questioned whether this reaction always happens. Official advice still differs between sources.

The NHS recommends avoiding alcohol during treatment and for 48 hours afterward.

Some US medicine labels recommend avoiding alcohol for at least 72 hours after the final dose.

Certain products also warn about propylene glycol, an ingredient found in some medicines.

Follow the instructions for your specific product. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure.

Metronidasool Drug Interactions

Metronidasool can interact with other medicines. These interactions may increase side effects or change how the medicines work.

Some important examples include:

• Warfarin: May increase the risk of bleeding.

• Lithium: May increase lithium levels in the body.

• Disulfiram: May cause serious mental or behavior changes when used too close together.

• Epilepsy medicines: Some may affect metronidazole levels.

• Ciclosporin: May require closer monitoring.

• Certain cancer medicines: Some combinations may increase serious side effects.

US medicine information warns against using metronidazole within two weeks of taking disulfiram.

People taking warfarin may need extra blood tests.

Tell your doctor about all medicines, vitamins, and supplements you use.

Do not stop or change another medicine without medical advice.

Is Metronidasool Safe During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding?

Metronidasool may be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding when a doctor considers it suitable.

The decision depends on the infection, the dose, and the patient’s health.

During Pregnancy

Doctors sometimes prescribe metronidazole to pregnant women for certain infections.

Studies in humans have not shown a clear increase in major birth defects linked to metronidazole use.

However, every pregnancy is different. Doctors consider both the infection and the treatment before prescribing medicine.

Pregnant women should not start or stop Metronidasool without medical advice.

During Breastfeeding

Metronidazole can pass into breast milk.

Short treatment courses are often considered suitable while breastfeeding a healthy baby. However, higher doses may need different advice.

A doctor may recommend watching the baby for diarrhea, feeding problems, or oral thrush.

Always follow medical advice based on the dose and the baby’s health.

Who Should Avoid or Use Metronidasool Carefully?

Metronidasool may not be suitable for everyone.

People who are allergic to metronidazole or similar medicines should avoid it unless a specialist advises otherwise.

Tell your doctor if you have liver disease, kidney problems, blood disorders, or nerve problems.

People with serious liver disease may need a lower dose or closer monitoring.

Patients receiving dialysis may also need special instructions.

People with Cockayne syndrome, a rare inherited condition, have a higher risk of serious liver damage from metronidazole taken by mouth or injection.

Using metronidazole for a long time may increase the risk of nerve problems. Doctors may recommend tests or regular checks during longer treatment.

The medicine can also affect some laboratory test results.

Some animal studies have found tumors after long-term metronidazole exposure. However, this does not prove that normal prescribed treatment causes cancer in humans.

Only use the medicine when it is needed and prescribed.

What Happens If You Miss a Dose?

If you forget a dose of oral Metronidasool, take it when you remember.

If your next dose is almost due, skip the missed dose and continue with your normal schedule.

Do not take two doses together to make up for a missed one.

Different instructions may apply to skin creams or vaginal products.

If you miss several doses, ask your doctor or pharmacist what to do.

Stopping treatment too early may allow the infection to return.

If side effects make treatment difficult, speak with a healthcare professional before changing your dose.

What Infections Does Metronidasool Not Treat?

Metronidasool does not treat every infection.

It does not work against viruses that cause colds, flu, or similar illnesses.

It is also not the usual medicine for common urinary tract infections.

Metronidazole does not treat fungal infections, including vaginal yeast infections. These usually need antifungal medicines.

It also does not work against many bacteria that grow in oxygen-rich areas.

Using the wrong antibiotic can delay proper treatment and cause unnecessary side effects.

Unnecessary antibiotic use can also lead to antibiotic resistance. This means bacteria may become harder to treat.

Doctors may recommend urine tests, stool tests, or swabs to find the cause of an infection.

Metronidasool Brand Names and Availability

Metronidasool is the Estonian name for metronidazole. The medicine is sold under different names around the world.

Flagyl is a well-known brand. Generic metronidazole products are also available.

Other reported product names include Metronidazol Nycomed and Metrosa. Their current availability depends on the country.

Not every form of metronidazole is sold everywhere.

Tablets and injections usually require a prescription in many countries. Rules for other forms may differ.

The price depends on the brand, strength, product type, and pharmacy.

Always check the active ingredient, strength, expiry date, and instructions before using the medicine.

A pharmacist can help you find the correct product.

Metronidasool Safety Tips

Using Metronidasool correctly can help reduce side effects and treatment problems.

Follow these simple safety tips:

• Take the medicine exactly as prescribed.

• Check the name, strength, and expiry date.

• Follow the alcohol warnings on your medicine.

• Tell your doctor about other medicines you take.

• Use a proper measuring device for liquid medicine.

• Never share antibiotics with another person.

• Do not use leftover medicine for a new infection.

• Store the medicine according to the package instructions.

• Contact your doctor if symptoms get worse or return.

• Get medical help if serious side effects appear.

Do not change the dose or repeat treatment without medical advice.

Bottom Line

Metronidasool is another name for metronidazole. It is used to treat certain bacterial and parasitic infections.

It comes in different forms, including tablets, liquids, creams, gels, and injections.

The correct dose and treatment time depend on the infection and the patient’s health.

Common side effects include nausea, stomach upset, and metallic taste. Serious reactions are less common but can happen.

Use Metronidasool as prescribed and speak with a healthcare professional if you have questions about treatment or safety.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Metronidasool used for?

Metronidasool treats certain bacterial and parasitic infections, including vaginal, dental, and stomach infections.

Is Metronidasool the same as metronidazole?

Yes. Metronidasool is the Estonian name for metronidazole. Both are the same medicine.

Is Metronidasool a strong antibiotic?

It works well against certain bacteria and parasites, but not all infections.

How long does Metronidasool take to work?

Some people feel better within a few days, depending on the infection.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Metronidasool?

Avoid alcohol during treatment. Follow your medicine’s instructions about when you can drink again.

What are the most common side effects?

Common side effects include nausea, headache, stomach upset, diarrhea, and a metallic taste.

Can pregnant women take Metronidasool?

Yes, when prescribed by a doctor. Pregnant women should get medical advice before using it.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take it when you remember, unless your next dose is near. Never take two doses together.

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